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The age of equality
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ISBN: 9780674062177 0674062175 0674063309 9780674063303 Year: 2011 Publisher: Cambridge, Mass. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press

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In 1900 the global average life expectancy at birth was thirty-one years. By 2000 it was sixty-six. Yet, alongside unprecedented improvements in longevity and material well-being, the twentieth century also saw the rise of fascism and communism and a second world war followed by a cold war. This book tells the story of the battles between economic systems that defined the last century and created today's world.The nineteenth century was a period of rapid economic growth characterized by relatively open markets and more personal liberty, but it also brought great inequality within and between nations. The following century offered sharp challenges to free-wheeling capitalism from both communism and fascism, whose competing visions of planned economic development attracted millions of people buffeted by the economic storms of the 1930s. The Age of Equality describes the ways in which market-oriented economies eventually overcame the threat of these visions and provided a blueprint for reform in nonmarket economies. This was achieved not through unbridled capitalism but by combining the efficiency and growth potential of markets with government policies to promote greater equality of opportunity and outcome. Following on the heels of economic reform, rapid catch-up growth in countries such as China, India, Indonesia, Brazil, and Poland helped to reduce global inequality.At a time when inequality is on the rise in nations as disparate as the United States and Egypt, Pomfret's interpretation of how governments of market economies faced the challenges of the twentieth century is both instructive and cautionary.


Book
Dethroning the king : the hostile takeover of Anheuser-Busch, an American icon.
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ISBN: 9780470592700 Year: 2011 Publisher: Hoboken Wiley

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"The takeover of one of the most well-known and beloved American brands, second only to Disney in popularity, by a Belgian company actually controlled by Brazilians is a fascinating drama that went largely unreported in 2008, coming as it did in the midst of a economic crisis of unimaginable proportions. When the dust settles, there will be questions, if not curiosity in how it was pulled off and how Americans let one of their most treasured brands be captured by foreigners. An American family dynasty will surely take the blame for their poor management, familial infighting, and just plain bizarre behavior. Once lauded by the beer industry (from factory workers to distributors) and virtually the entire state of Missouri, the Busch family name is now mud, Augie III despised and Augie IV a laughingstock. From the very local heart of the heartland to the European continent to Brazil, the story of the takeover of Anheuser-Busch by InBev, a Belgian company actually controlled by Brazilians, is fascinating, wide-reaching, and profound. It presaged America's dwindling political and financial dominance, coming just before the economic crisis of 2008 exploded, taking down great U.S. financial institutions and virtually the entire U.S. auto industry. Few even noticed that Bud, the king of beers (and Rolling Rock and Michelob, and so on) had been captured in the midst of such carnage. Julie MacIntosh, the leading reporter worldwide covering the story, toiled away breaking news and breaking down sources. Much of her reporting for the FT ended up being cut to give space to the economic crisis, at the time a far larger story. Now that things are starting to return to normal, questions are being asked but the news cycle has moved on. Now is the perfect time for a book that uncovers the story behind the takeover to show exactly how InBev pulled it off and the missteps the Busch family and AB board made. Sure to be a great narrative of a classic dynasty taken down, this book will also become required reading in business courses worldwide. As business has become all about brands, then getting the right brands is the new game of business. Dethroning the King is a corporate caper and a classic case study in how to get the brand."--


Book
Ideas and economic crises in Britain from Attlee to Blair (1945-2005)
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ISBN: 9780415579445 0415579449 9780203842744 020384274X 0203709233 0415533430 9786613903112 1136907904 1283590662 9781136907906 9781283590662 9781136907852 1136907858 9781136907890 1136907890 9780415533430 6613903116 Year: 2011 Volume: 49 Publisher: London ; New York : Routledge,

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During the period from 1945 to 2005, Britain underwent two deep-seated institutional transformations when political elites successfully challenged the prevailing wisdom on how to govern the economy. Attlee and Thatcher were able to effectively implement most of their political platforms. During this period there were also two opportunities to challenge existing institutional arrangements. Heath's 'U-turn' in 1972 signalled his failure to implement the radical agenda promised upon election in 1970, whilst Tony Blair's New Labour similarly failed to instigate a major break with the 'Thatcheri


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Scarcity and frontiers : how economies have developed through natural resource exploitation
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ISBN: 9780521877732 0521877733 9780521701655 0521701651 9780511781131 1107218861 0511993706 9786612967238 0511991509 0511990529 0511992491 0511986904 051178113X 1282967231 0511988702 9780511992490 6612967234 9780511988707 9781107218864 9780511993701 9781282967236 9780511991509 9780511990526 9780511986901 Year: 2011 Publisher: Cambridge Cambridge University Press

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Throughout much of history, a critical driving force behind global economic development has been the response of society to the scarcity of key natural resources. Increasing scarcity raises the cost of exploiting existing natural resources and creates incentives in all economies to innovate and conserve more of these resources. However, economies have also responded to increasing scarcity by obtaining and developing more of these resources. Since the agricultural transition over 12,000 years ago, this exploitation of new 'frontiers' has often proved to be a pivotal human response to natural resource scarcity. This book provides a fascinating account of the contribution that natural resource exploitation has made to economic development in key eras of world history. This not only fills an important gap in the literature on economic history but also shows how we can draw lessons from these past epochs for attaining sustainable economic development in the world today.


Book
Political transformations and public finances : Europe, 1650-1913
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ISBN: 9780521192330 0521192331 9781139013345 9781107617759 1107617758 1139122991 9786613316349 1139127918 1139112899 128331634X 1139117254 1139013343 1139115081 1139124595 110722313X 9781139127912 9781139117258 9781139122993 9781139115087 Year: 2011 Volume: *11 Publisher: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press,

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How did today's rich states first establish modern fiscal systems? To answer this question, Political Transformations and Public Finances by Mark Dincecco examines the evolution of political regimes and public finances in Europe over the long term. The book argues that the emergence of efficient fiscal institutions was the result of two fundamental political transformations that resolved long-standing problems of fiscal fragmentation and absolutism. States gained tax force through fiscal centralization and restricted ruler power through parliamentary limits, which enabled them to gather large tax revenues and channel funds toward public services with positive economic benefits. Using a novel combination of descriptive, case study and statistical methods, the book pursues this argument through a systematic investigation of a new panel database that spans eleven countries and four centuries. The book's findings are significant for our understanding of economic history and have important consequences for current policy debates.


Book
De natuurlijke leider
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ISBN: 9789022997208 Year: 2011 Publisher: Amsterdam Bruna

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Waarom sommige mensen leiden en andere volgen. Lessen uit 2,5 miljoen jaar leiderschapOver alfamannetjes, het glazen plafond, lange en charismatische leiders en de overeenkomst tussen stamhoofd en managerWe zijn allemaal leiders of volgers - of beiden. We herkennen leiderschap in bijna elk aspect van ons leven: op het werk, in onze vriendenkring, in families, in religie en in de politiek. Maar wat maakt een goede of slechte leider? Waarom zijn sommige mensen volgers en andere leiders? En wat zijn de voordelen van beiden? Alle aspecten die we herkennen uit discussies en theorieën over leiderschap - zoals charisma, persoonlijkheid, alfamannetjes, het glazen plafond voor vrouwen, nature versus nurture - worden verklaard in een allesomvattende theorie. De natuurlijke leider neemt je mee terug naar de basis. Het laat zien hoe leiderschap is ontstaan en veranderd in een tijdsbestek van twee miljoen jaar. Je zult ontdekken dat - als het gaat om de werkomgeving - het streepjespak nog steeds een oud brein verbergt. De traagheid van de evolutie veroorzaakt een discrepantie tussen onze moderne ideeën over leiderschap en het soort leiderschap waar ons stenentijdperkbrein op is ingesteld. De natuurlijke leider is een baanbrekend onderzoek naar de evolutionaire geschiedenis en wetenschappelijke basis van leiderschap. Het verklaart waarom jongeren zich bij een terreurbeweging aansluiten, waarom we een hekel hebben aan het middle management en hoe politici hun kansen op verkiezingssucces kunnen vergroten.Bron : http://www.boekenbank.be


Book
Monetary theory and policy from Hume and Smith to Wicksell : money, credit, and the economy
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ISBN: 9780511932878 0511932871 0511930194 9780511930195 9780511927683 0511927681 9780521191135 0521191130 1107213835 0511852711 0511921381 1282930745 9786612930744 0511931530 051192514X 9780511921384 9781107642737 1107642736 Year: 2011 Publisher: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press,

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This book provides a comprehensive survey of the major developments in monetary theory and policy from David Hume and Adam Smith to Walter Bagehot and Knut Wicksell. In particular, it seeks to explain why it took so long for a theory of central banking to penetrate mainstream thought. The book investigates how major monetary theorists understood the roles of the invisible and visible hands in money, credit and banking; what they thought about rules and discretion and the role played by commodity-money in their conceptualizations; whether or not they distinguished between the two different roles carried out via the financial system - making payments efficiently within the exchange process and facilitating intermediation in the capital market; how they perceived the influence of the monetary system on macroeconomic aggregates such as the price level, output and accumulation of wealth; and finally, what they thought about monetary policy.


Book
Translating empire
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ISBN: 9780674061514 0674061519 0674063236 9780674063235 Year: 2011 Publisher: Cambridge, Mass. Harvard University Press

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Historians have traditionally used the discourses of free trade and laissez faire to explain the development of political economy during the Enlightenment. But from Sophus Reinert's perspective, eighteenth-century political economy can be understood only in the context of the often brutal imperial rivalries then unfolding in Europe and its former colonies and the positive consequences of active economic policy. The idea of economic emulation was the prism through which philosophers, ministers, reformers, and even merchants thought about economics, as well as industrial policy and reform, in the early modern period. With the rise of the British Empire, European powers and others sought to selectively emulate the British model.In mapping the general history of economic translations between 1500 and 1849, and particularly tracing the successive translations of the Bristol merchant John Cary's seminal 1695 Essay on the State of England, Reinert makes a compelling case for the way that England's aggressively nationalist policies, especially extensive tariffs and other intrusive market interventions, were adopted in France, Italy, Germany, and Scandinavia before providing the blueprint for independence in the New World. Relatively forgotten today, Cary's work served as the basis for an international move toward using political economy as the prime tool of policymaking and industrial expansion.Reinert's work challenges previous narratives about the origins of political economy and invites the current generation of economists to reexamine the foundations, and future, of their discipline.


Book
The birth of capitalism : a twenty-first-century perspective
Author:
ISBN: 9780745329604 9780745329598 9781552664520 0745329594 0745329608 1785390430 1849646139 9781849646130 155266452X 1783714603 Year: 2011 Publisher: London ; Halifax ; New York : Pluto Press : Fernwood Pub. : Distribured in the U.S.A. exclusively by Palgrave Macmillan,

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In the light of the deepening crisis of capitalism and continued non-Western capitalist accumulation, Henry Heller re-examines the debates surrounding the transition from feudalism to capitalism in Europe and elsewhere. Focusing on arguments about the origin, nature and sustainability of capitalism, Heller offers a new reading of the historical evidence and a critical interrogation of the transition debate. He advances the idea that capitalism must be understood as a political as well as an economic entity. This book breathes new life into the scholarship, taking issue with the excessively economistic approach of Robert Brenner, which has gained increasing support over the last ten years. It concludes that the future of capitalism is more threatened than ever before. The new insights in this book make it essential reading for engaged students and scholars of political economy and history.


Book
Central banking in the twentieth century
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ISBN: 9780521899093 0521899095 9780511782053 9781107628762 9780511992704 051199270X 0511782055 9780511988950 0511988958 0511987145 9780511987144 0511993943 1107219655 1282967061 9786612967061 051199172X 051199074X 1107628768 6612967064 Year: 2011 Publisher: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press,

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Central banks are powerful but poorly understood organisations. In 1900 the Bank of Japan was the only central bank to exist outside Europe but over the past century central banking has proliferated. John Singleton here explains how central banks and the profession of central banking have evolved and spread across the globe during this period. He shows that the central banking world has experienced two revolutions in thinking and practice, the first after the depression of the early 1930s, and the second in response to the high inflation of the 1970s and 1980s. In addition, the central banking profession has changed radically. In 1900 the professional central banker was a specialised type of banker, whereas today he or she must also be a sophisticated economist and a public official. Understanding these changes is essential to explaining the role of central banks during the recent global financial crisis.

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